关于Linux中自动化配置服务和网络接口的一些笔记

傍晚时分,你坐在屋檐下,看着天慢慢地黑下去,心里寂寞而凄凉,感到自己的生命被剥夺了。当时我是个年轻人,但我害怕这样生活下去,衰老下去。在我看来,这是比死亡更可怕的事。——–王小波

写在前面


  • 嗯,准备RHCA,学习整理这部分知识
  • 所谓自动化配置服务和网络接口,其实是使用Ansible配置
  • 关于Ansible的一些基本操作在RHCE一门课中有涉及。
  • 博文内容为对Ansible操作回顾:
    • Ansible的简单概述及环境配置的Demo
    • 使用Ansible自动化管理配置Service unit
    • 使用Ansiblerhel-system-roles.network角色来自动化配置网络接口
    • 阅读本文需要了解一些基本Ansible知识

傍晚时分,你坐在屋檐下,看着天慢慢地黑下去,心里寂寞而凄凉,感到自己的生命被剥夺了。当时我是个年轻人,但我害怕这样生活下去,衰老下去。在我看来,这是比死亡更可怕的事。——–王小波


利用Ansible我们可以实现服务和网络的自动化管理,试想如果有数十台机器搭集群,需要配置firewalldSElinuxNetworkManager,如果一台一台配就特别麻烦,而且是需要一个交互环境,即使刷脚本我们也需要一台一台远程去看状态,但是使用Ansible就很方便。

Ansible 简述

Ansible概念和架构

Ansible是一款简洁、高效的运维自动化工具。基于Python开发,集合了众多运维工具(puppet、cfengine、chef、func、fabric)的优点,只需要将ansible安装在主控机器上,就可以通过SSH协议实现针对大量受管服务器批量化、剧本化的管理。通过Ansible实现远程控制,,实现了批量系统配置、批量程序部署、批量运行命令等功能。

ansible是基于模块工作的,本身没有批量自动化的能力。真正具有批量自动化的是ansible所运行的模块,ansible只是提供一种框架。

为了方便复杂任务(包含大批量任务操作、模板、变量等资源)的重复使用,降低playbook剧本编写难度,ansible提出角色的概念,所谓角色就是预先定义好的一套目录结构。针对每一个角色,ansible会到固定的目录去调取特定的数据,使用角色时不指定hosts: 清单主机列表,而是交给调用此角色的剧本来指定.

下面我们来看一个ansible的demo

Ansible Demo

Ansible需要配置控制节点到受管节点SSH免密root提权,这里我们已经配置好测试下

1
2
3
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ssh node1 sudo id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023

对于Ansible的所有配置,命令操作,都是在一个指定文件夹下进行的,Ansible在执行临时命令或者剧本时会扫描当前工作目录,满足要求才会执行,否则会发出警告。新建ansible目录,编写主机清单inventory,主机清单用于指定要控制的主机

inventory:指定操作的主机,是一个配置文件里面定义监控的主机,可以是域名,IP。同时支持分组,表达式等高级特性

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
┌──[root@control]-[~]
└─$mkdir web;cd web
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$touch inventory
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$cat > inventory << EOF
> [webs]
> node1
> EOF
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$

当前目录编写ansible配置文件,用于指定主机清单文件,连接受管机器的远程的用户名,用户的su 提权等

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ls
ansible.cfg inventory
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$cat ansible.cfg
[defaults]
# 主机清单文件,就是要控制的主机列表
inventory=inventory
# 连接受管机器的远程的用户名
remote_user=root
# 角色目录
roles_path=roles
# 设置用户的su 提权
[privilege_escalation]
become=True
become_method=sudo
become_user=root
become_ask_pass=False

ping 受控节点测试:管控到受控的ping命令测试

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ansible webs -m ping
node1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}

只需要几步,我们就通过control来控制node1机器,当然上面我们省略了ansible装包,配置SSH免密、sudo提权。

上面的命令相当于在Control机器ping node1机器,-m指定模块,默认为command模块

1
2
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ping node1

剧本实现服务自动化配置

利用Ansible实现服务自动化管理,主要涉及模块:Servicesystemdservice_facts,下面我们看一个Demo

通过编写ploybook的方式,用yum、service、firewalld模块实现httpd服务的自动配置

编写剧本 vim deploy_book_web.yaml

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
- name: deploy web servers
hosts: webs
tasks:
- name: install httpd
yum:
name: httpd
state: present
- name: start and enable httpd
service:
name: httpd
state: started
enabled: yes
- name: set firewall to allow httpd service
firewalld:
service: http
permanent: yes #持久放行
immediate: yes #立刻放行
state: enabled
- name: index.html write
copy:
dest: /var/www/html/index.html
content: "Hello Word !\n"

通过 ansible-playbook --syntax-check 来检测剧本语法

1
2
3
4
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ansible-playbook deploy_book_web.yaml --syntax-check

playbook: deploy_book_web.yaml

通过 ansible-playbook 执行剧本

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ansible-playbook deploy_book_web.yaml

PLAY [deploy web servers] **********************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *************************************************************************************************
ok: [node1]

TASK [install httpd] ***************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1]

TASK [start and enable httpd] ******************************************************************************************
changed: [node1]

TASK [set firewall to allow httpd service] *****************************************************************************
changed: [node1]

TASK [index.html write] ************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1]

PLAY RECAP *************************************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=4 changed=4 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0

测试httpd服务

1
2
3
4
5
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$curl node1
Hello Word !
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$

服务自动化常用模块

软件管理模块(yum/dnf)yum/dnf 模块用于安装软件包,常用参数

  • name:软件名、软件名-版本号、逗号分隔的列表、@组名、*通配符
  • state:present、absent,
  • list:软件名、installed、available
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    - name: install the nginx rpm from a remote repo
    yum:
    name: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.n>
    state: present

    - name: install nginx rpm from a local file
    yum:
    name: /usr/local/src/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
    state: present

    - name: install the 'Development tools' package group
    yum:
    name: "@Development tools"
    state: present

    - name: install the 'Gnome desktop' environment group
    yum:
    name: "@^gnome-desktop-environment"
    state: present

    - name: List ansible packages and register result to print with debug later.
    yum:
    list: ansible
    register: result

    安全控制模块(firewalld):用于管理配置Linux防火墙服务 firewalld,常用参数:
  • permanent(永久开启)
  • port(端口)
  • service(服务)、
  • source(源端)
  • state(状态)
  • immediate(立即生效)
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    - firewalld:
    service: https
    permanent: yes
    state: enabled

    - firewalld:
    port: 8081/tcp
    permanent: yes
    state: disabled

    - firewalld:
    port: 161-162/udp
    permanent: yes
    state: enabled

    - name: Redirect port 443 to 8443 with Rich Rule
    firewalld:
    rich_rule: rule family=ipv4 forward-port port=443 protocol=tcp to-port=8443
    zone: public
    permanent: yes
    immediate: yes
    state: enabled

    服务控制模块(service/systemd)代替systemctl 指令来控制服务的启动/停止/重启、开机自启动状态的设置
  • name=服务名 //指定系统服务名(必选参数)
  • state=”started|stoped|restarted|reloaded” //启动|停止|重启|重载服务
  • enable=”yes|no” //是否开机自启

service模块用于执行基本的系统服务管理

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
- name: Start service httpd, if not started
service:
name: httpd
state: started

- name: Stop service httpd, if started
service:
name: httpd
state: stopped

- name: Restart service httpd, in all cases
service:
name: httpd
state: restarted

- name: Reload service httpd, in all cases
service:
name: httpd
state: reloaded

- name: Enable service httpd, and not touch the state
service:
name: httpd
enabled: yes

- name: Start service foo, based on running process /usr/bin/foo
service:
name: foo
pattern: /usr/bin/foo
state: started

- name: Restart network service for interface eth0
service:
name: network
state: restarted
args: eth0

systemd模块可以提供更多配置选项,例如daemon-reloadreload 子命令重新加载的是当前service unit的配置文件daemon-reload 子命令是重新加载 systemd 程序的配置文件。而所有的 unit 配置文件都是作为 systemd 程序的配置文件存在的。所以需要执行daemon-reload 命令的时候

  • 新添加 unit 配置文件时需要执行 daemon-reload 子命令
  • 有 unit 的配置文件发生变化时也需要执行 daemon-reload 子命令
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
- name: reload service httpd, in all cases
systemd:
name: httpd
state: reloaded

- name: enable service httpd and ensure it is not masked
systemd:
name: httpd
enabled: yes
masked: no

- name: enable a timer for dnf-automatic
systemd:
name: dnf-automatic.timer
state: started
enabled: yes

- name: just force systemd to reread configs (2.4 and above)
systemd:
daemon_reload: yes

service_facts模块:对于服务模块来讲,还可以通过service_facts模块收集有关系统上服务的信息,并将该信息存储在ansible_facts[services]变量中。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
- name: populate service facts
service_facts:

- debug:
var: ansible_facts.services

- name: serviers facts
hosts: webs
tasks:
- name: collect service status facts
service_facts:
- name: display whether NetworkManager is running
debug:
var: ansible_facts['services']['NetworkManager.service']['state']

通过service_facts模块查看NetworkManager服务运行状态为running

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$vim service_facts.yaml
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ansible-playbook service_facts.yaml --syntax-check

playbook: service_facts.yaml
┌──[root@control]-[~/web]
└─$ansible-playbook service_facts.yaml
.......
TASK [display whether NetworkManager is running] ***********************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {
"ansible_facts['services']['NetworkManager.service']['state']": "running"
}
........

角色实现网络自动化配置

使用ansible配置不但可以通过剧本的方式,也可以通过角色的方式来配置,自RHEL7.4开始,操作系统随附了多个Ansible角色,由rhel-system-roles软包提供。在RHEL8中,该软件包可从AppStream频道获取。系统角色的目的是标准化配置版本6.10及以上的任何RHEL主机RHEL系统角色来源于开源Ansible GalaxyLinux System Role项目。

系统角色默认安装在/usr/share/ansible/roles目录,Ansible可以直接引用这些角色。一般通过拷贝的方法,使用ansible配置网络常用模块network_connections来配置。对应的角色包为rhel-system-roles.network

下面我们使用角色rhel-system-roles.network,以及角色中network_connections变量配置网络。角色的执行,首先需要拷贝对应的角色包当前角色目录下,然后编写需要替换的变量文件(即tasks/main.yml中的变量),我们可以在host_vars主机变量文件夹下编写,之前需要编写执行角色的剧本。

角色环境配置

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~]
└─$dnf list rhel-system-roles
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:58 ago on Thu 14 Apr 2022 11:42:34 PM CST.
Available Packages
rhel-system-roles.noarch 1.0-9.el8 rhel-8.1-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~]
└─$dnf -y install rhel-system-roles.noarch
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:15 ago on Thu 14 Apr 2022 11:42:34 PM CST.
......

查看预先设置好的角色包位置。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~]
└─$ansible-galaxy list
# /usr/share/ansible/roles
- linux-system-roles.kdump, (unknown version)
- linux-system-roles.network, (unknown version)
.......
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~]
└─$

拷贝角色到当前的roles目录下

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$mkdir roles
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible-galaxy list
# /root/web/roles
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$cp -r /usr/share/ansible/roles/rhel-system-roles.network/ roles/network
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$cd roles/network/
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web/roles/network]
└─$ls
defaults library LICENSE meta module_utils pylintrc README.html README.md tasks tests tox.ini
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web/roles/network]
└─$

查看当前目录的ansible环境拥有的角色

1
2
3
4
5
6
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible-galaxy list
# /root/web/roles
- network, (unknown version)
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$

查看network角色执行的任务剧本,这是一个写好的模板,我们配置网络只需要在文件中定向最下面的network_connections变量即可

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$cat roles/network/tasks/main.yml
# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
# get service facts, used in defaults/main.yml
---
- name: Check which services are running
service_facts:
no_log: true

# needed for ansible_facts.packages
- name: Check which packages are installed
package_facts:
no_log: true

- name: Print network provider
debug:
msg: "Using network provider: {{ network_provider }}"

# Depending on the plugins, checking installed packages might be slow
# for example subscription manager might slow this down
# Therefore install packages only when rpm does not find them
- name: Install packages
package:
name: "{{ network_packages }}"
state: present
when:
- not network_packages is subset(ansible_facts.packages.keys())

- name: Enable and start NetworkManager
service:
name: "{{ network_service_name }}"
state: started
enabled: true
when:
- network_provider == "nm"

- name: Enable network service
service:
name: "{{ network_service_name }}"
enabled: true
when:
- network_provider == "initscripts"

- name: Ensure initscripts network file dependency is present
copy:
dest: /etc/sysconfig/network
content: "# Created by network system role"
force: false
when:
- network_provider == "initscripts"

- name: Configure networking connection profiles
network_connections:
provider: "{{ network_provider | mandatory }}"
ignore_errors: "{{ network_ignore_errors | default(omit) }}"
force_state_change: "{{ network_force_state_change | default(omit) }}"
connections: "{{ network_connections | default([]) }}"

- name: Re-test connectivity
ping:
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$

编写变量文件

host_vars文件夹下定义变量

1
2
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$mkdir host_vars;cd host_vars

定义一个静态IP的网络接口配置的变量文件

1
2
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$cat host_vars/servera.yaml

通过network_connections还可以配置网桥,VLAN等其他的一些配置,更多见附录

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
---
network_connections:
- name: ethO-static
type: ethernet
interface_name: eth0
persistent_state: present
autoconnect: yes #自动连接
state: up
ip:
address:
- 172.25.250.10/24
- 172.25.254.10/24
gateway4: 172.25.250.254
dns:
- 172.25.250.254
- 172.25.254.254
dns_search:
- lab.example.com
- example.com

通过debug模块来测试变量

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible servera -m debug -a 'var=network_connections'
servera | SUCCESS => {
"network_connections": [
{
"autoconnect": true,
"interface_name": "eth0",
"ip": {
"address": [
"172.25.250.10/24",
"172.25.254.10/24"
],
"dns": [
"172.25.250.254",
"172.25.254.254"
],
"dns_search": [
"lab.example.com",
"example.com"
],
"gateway4": "172.25.250.254"
},
"name": "ethO-static",
"persistent_state": "present",
"state": "up",
"type": "ethernet"
}
]
}

编写执行角色剧本

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$vim config_network.yaml
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$cat config_network.yaml
---
- name: config eth0 on servea
hosts: servara
roles:
- network

查看原本的eth0接口配置

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible servera -m shell -a "ip addr show eth0"
servera | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:00:fa:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.25.250.10/24 brd 172.25.250.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::984:87d2:dba7:1007/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

执行剧本

1
2
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible-playbook config_network.yaml

在这里插入图片描述

查看执行之后的网络状态

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible servera -m shell -a "ip addr show eth0"
servera | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:00:fa:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.25.250.10/24 brd 172.25.250.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 172.25.254.10/24 brd 172.25.254.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::e88f:e7dd:6595:4edf/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

ipv4的地址信息

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible servera -m setup -a "filter=ansible_all_ipv4_addresses"
servera | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [
"172.25.250.10",
"172.25.254.10"
],
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false
}

dns信息

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible servera -m setup -a "filter=ansible_dns"
servera | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_dns": {
"nameservers": [
"172.25.250.254",
"172.25.254.254"
],
"search": [
"lab.example.com",
"example.com"
]
},
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false
}

Ansible facts

我们上面使用setup模块,这里简单介绍下,Ansible使用facts向控制节点检索有关受管主机配置的信息。一般叫系统变量,或者系统指标。通过变量,我们可以查看系统的一些详细信息,剧本的信息的收集是通过gather_facts=yes自动搜集,临时命令调用setup模块,剧本默认会调用。

1
2
3
# ansible  清单主机  -m  setup  [-a  'filter=系统指标名']
┌──[root@workstation.lab.example.com]-[~/web]
└─$ansible servera -m setup -a "filter=ansible_all_ipv4_addresses"

常见的网络方面的系统变量

网络相关系统指标 网络相关系统指标
ansible_interfaces ansible_all_ipv4_addresses
ansible_domain ansible_all_ipv6_addresses
ansible_interfacename ansible_default_ipv4
ansible_eth0.active ansible_default_ipv4.address
ansible_eth0.device ansible default ipv4.interface
ansible_eth0.features ansible_default_ipv4.gateway
ansible_eth0.ipv4 ansible_default_ipv4.netmask
ansible_eth0.ipv6 ansible_default_ipv4.type
ansible eth0.macaddress ansible_default_ipv6
ansible_fqdn ansible_dns
ansible_hostname ansible_dns.nameservers

facts应用

如果我们知道网络端口的MAC地址,使用Ansible来检索该接口的名称。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
- name: Identify and print specific interface
hosts: servera
vars:
target_mac: "52:54:00:00:fa:0a"
tasks:
- name: Find the_interface for target_mac
set_fact: #定义变量
the_interface: "{{item}}"
when:
- ansible_facts[item]['macaddress'] is defined
- ansible_facts[item]['macaddress']==target_mac
loop: "{{ansible_facts['interfaces']}}"
- name: Display the_interface
debug:
var: the_interface
var: ansible_{{the_interface}}

在这里插入图片描述

附录

下面是一些网络配置角色帮助文档中的一些Demo

多次设置相同的连接配置文件:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
network_connections:
- name: Wired0
type: ethernet
interface_name: eth0
ip:
dhcp4: yes

- name: Wired0
state: up

激活一个已存在的连接配置文件

1
2
3
network_connections:
- name: eth0
state: up

取消激活一个已存在的连接配置文件:

1
2
3
network_connections:
- name: eth0
state: down

创建持久连接配置文件:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
network_connections:
- name: eth0
#persistent_state: present # default
type: ethernet
autoconnect: yes
mac: 00:00:5e:00:53:5d
ip:
dhcp4: yes

删除一个名为“eth0”的连接配置文件(如果它存在):

1
2
3
network_connections:
- name: eth0
persistent_state: absent

配置Ethernet链路:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
network_connections:
- name: eth0
type: ethernet

ethernet:
autoneg: no
speed: 1000
duplex: full

创建网桥连接:

1
2
3
4
network_connections:
- name: br0
type: bridge
#interface_name: br0 # defaults to the connection name

配置网桥连接:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
network_connections:
- name: internal-br0
interface_name: br0
type: bridge
ip:
dhcp4: no
auto6: no

设置 masterslave_type:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
network_connections:
- name: br0-bond0
type: bond
interface_name: bond0
master: internal-br0
slave_type: bridge

- name: br0-bond0-eth1
type: ethernet
interface_name: eth1
master: br0-bond0
slave_type: bond

配置 VLAN:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
network_connections:
- name: eth1-profile
autoconnet: no
type: ethernet
interface_name: eth1
ip:
dhcp4: no
auto6: no

- name: eth1.6
autoconnect: no
type: vlan
parent: eth1-profile
vlan:
id: 6
ip:
address:
- 192.0.2.5/24
auto6: no

Configuring MACVLAN:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
network_connections:
- name: eth0-profile
type: ethernet
interface_name: eth0
ip:
address:
- 192.168.0.1/24

- name: veth0
type: macvlan
parent: eth0-profile
macvlan:
mode: bridge
promiscuous: yes
tap: no
ip:
address:
- 192.168.1.1/24

设置IP配置:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
network_connections:
- name: eth0
type: ethernet
ip:
route_metric4: 100
dhcp4: no
#dhcp4_send_hostname: no
gateway4: 192.0.2.1

dns:
- 192.0.2.2
- 198.51.100.5
dns_search:
- example.com
- subdomain.example.com

route_metric6: -1
auto6: no
gateway6: 2001:db8::1

address:
- 192.0.2.3/24
- 198.51.100.3/26
- 2001:db8::80/7

route:
- network: 198.51.100.128
prefix: 26
gateway: 198.51.100.1
metric: 2
- network: 198.51.100.64
prefix: 26
gateway: 198.51.100.6
metric: 4
route_append_only: no
rule_append_only: yes

动态IP配置

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
network_connections:
- name: enp2s0-dhcp
type: ethernet #网卡类型
interface_name: enp2s0 #网卡
persistent_state: present #持久化配置
zone: external #防火墙位置
ip:
dhcp4: yes #IP自动获取
auto6: no #ipv6关闭
ethernet:
autoneg: no #不协商
speed: 1000 #千兆
duplex: full ##全双工

静态IP配置

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
network _connections:
- name: ethO-static
type: ethernet
interface_name: eth0
persistent_state: present
autoconnect: yes #自动连接
state: up
ip:
address:
- 172.25.250.10/24
- 172.25.254.10/24
gateway4: 172.25.250.254
dns:
- 172.25.250.254
- 172.25.254.254
dns_search:
- lab.example.com
- example.com
发布于

2022-04-04

更新于

2023-06-21

许可协议

评论
Your browser is out-of-date!

Update your browser to view this website correctly.&npsb;Update my browser now

×