【python小脚本】摄像头rtsp流转hls m3u8 格式web端播放

99%的焦虑都来自于虚度时间和没有好好做事,所以唯一的解决办法就是行动起来,认真做完事情,战胜焦虑,战胜那些心里空荡荡的时刻,而不是选择逃避。不要站在原地想象困难,行动永远是改变现状的最佳方式

写在前面


  • 工作需要,简单整理
  • 实际上这种方式延迟太高了,后来前端直接接的海康的本地解码插件,走的 websockt
  • 博文内容为 摄像头 rtsp 实时流转 hls m3u8 的一个 Python 脚本
  • 理解不足小伙伴帮忙指正 :),生活加油

99%的焦虑都来自于虚度时间和没有好好做事,所以唯一的解决办法就是行动起来,认真做完事情,战胜焦虑,战胜那些心里空荡荡的时刻,而不是选择逃避。不要站在原地想象困难,行动永远是改变现状的最佳方式


摄像头 rtsp 实时流转 hls m3u8 格式 web 端播放

方案介绍:

  • 在服务器上安装并配置 FFmpeg,从 RTSP 摄像头获取实时视频流
  • 使用 FFmpeg并将其转码为 HLS 格式,生成 m3u8 播放列表和 TS 分段文件。
  • 将生成的 HLS 文件托管到 Nginx 服务器的 Web 根目录下,并在 Nginx 配置文件中添加相应的配置,以正确处理 HLS 文件的 MIME 类型和跨域访问等。
  • 在 Web 页面中使用 HTML5 的<video>标签或 HLS.js 库来播放 Nginx 托管的 HLS 视频流。

这里使用的 Nginx 是有 rtmp 模块的 nginx https://github.com/dreammaker97/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev

rtsp 常见的两个转码方式:

rtsp 转 rtmp ffmpeg rtsp 2 rtmp

1
ffmpeg.exe -i rtsp://admin:hik12345@10.112.205.103:554/Streaming/Channels/101?transportmode=multicast -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 500k   -c:v libx264 -c:a copy -f flv rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/live/demo

ffmpeg rtsp 2 hls rtsp 转 hls

1
ffmpeg -f rtsp -rtsp_transport tcp -i rtsp://admin:hik12345@10.112.205.103:554/Streaming/Channels/101?transportmode=multicast -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 500k -s 640*480  -c:v libx264 -c:a copy -cpu-used 0  -threads 1  -f hls -hls_time 2.0 -hls_list_size 3 -hls_wrap 50 X:\nginx-rtmp-win32-dev\nginx-rtmp-win32-dev\html\hls\test777.m3u8

名词解释:

RTSP 协议: RTSP (Real-Time Streaming Protocol) 是一种用于实时音视频流传输的网络协议,通常用于监控摄像头等设备的实时视频流传输。

HLS 格式: HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) 是苹果公司开发的自适应比特率流式传输协议,可以将视频流转码为 HTTP 可访问的 TS 分段文件和 m3u8 播放列表。HLS 具有良好的跨平台和兼容性。

FFmpeg : FFmpeg 是一个强大的多媒体框架,可以用于音视频的编码、解码、转码等操作。它可以将 RTSP 流转码为 HLS 格式。

Nginx: Nginx 是一款高性能的 Web 服务器,也可作为反向代理服务器使用。它可以托管 HLS 格式的 m3u8 播放列表和 TS 分段文件,为 Web 端提供 HLS 流的访问。

HLS.js: HLS.js 是一款 JavaScript 库,可以在不支持 HLS 原生播放的浏览器上实现 HLS 流的播放。

编码

通过 fastapi 启了一个Web服务,前端获取某个摄像头的流的时候,会启动一个 ffmpeg 子进程来处理流,同时会给前端返回一个 Nginx 推流的 地址

逻辑比较简单,涉及到进程处理,项目启动会自动启动 nginx,当取流时会自动启动 ffmpegnginx 和 ffmpge 都为 当前 Python 服务的子进程,当web 服务死掉,对应子进程全部死掉。

项目地址: https://github.com/LIRUILONGS/rtsp2hls-M3U8.git

requirements.txt

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
APScheduler==3.10.4
fastapi==0.111.1
ping3==4.0.8
pyinstaller==6.9.0
pytest==8.3.1
traitlets==5.14.3
uvicorn==0.30.3

配置文件

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

# windows 环境配置文件,目录需要修改为 `/` 分割符
ngxin:
# 启动的推流服务IP,取流的时候使用的IP地址
nginx_ip : 127.0.0.1
# 启动 ng 端口,取流时使用的端口
nginx_port: 8080
# 启动的推流服务前缀
nginx_fix : /hls/
# nginx 程序路径,这里不加 `nginx.exe` 实际执行需要跳转到这个目录
nginx_path: "X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/"
# nginx 配置文件位置
nginx_config_path: "X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/conf/nginx.conf"

fastapi:
# 服务端口
port: 8991
# 流存放nginx目录
hls_dir: "X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/html/hls/"
# ffmpeg 执行路径
ffmpeg_dir: 'W:/ffmpeg-20200831-4a11a6f-win64-static/bin/ffmpeg.exe'
# 最大取流时间
max_stream_threads : 60
# 扫描时间
max_scan_time : 3*60
# 最大转码数
max_code_ff_size : 6
# ffmpeg 转化执行的路径
comm: "{ffmpeg_dir} -f rtsp -rtsp_transport tcp -i rtsp://admin:hik12345@{ip}:554/Streaming/Channels/101?transportmode=multicast -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 300k -s {width}*{height} -live 1 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy -cpu-used 0 -threads 1 -f hls -hls_time 0.5 -hls_list_size 1 -hls_wrap 100 {hls_dir}{ip}-{uuid_v}.m3u8"

核心代码

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@File : main.py
@Time : 2024/07/24 17:20:21
@Author : Li Ruilong
@Version : 1.0
@Contact : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Desc : rtmp 转码 到 hls
"""

........................................


@app.get("/sc_view/get_video_stream")
async def get_video_stream(
ip: str = Query("192.168.2.25", description="IP地址"), # 设置默认值为 1
width: int = Query(320, description=" 流宽度"), # 设置默认值为 10
height: int = Query(170, description=" 流高度"), # 设置默认值为 'name'
):
"""
@Time : 2024/07/23 11:04:31
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.0
@Desc : ffmag 解码推流
"""

if width is None or ip is None or height is None:
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="参数不能为空")
import time
# 获取前端传递的参数
uuid_v = str(uuid.uuid4())
if validate_ip_address(ip) is False:
return {"message": "no validate_ip_address", "code": 600}

if ping_test(ip) is False:
return {"message": "ping no pong", "code": 600}
with lock:
if ip in chanle:
return chanle[ip]
if len(chanle) >= max_code_ff_size:
return {"status": 400, "message": f"超过最大取流数:{max_code_ff_size}"}
hls_dir = fastapi['hls_dir']
ffmpeg_dir = fastapi["ffmpeg_dir"]
print(vars())
command = comm.format_map(vars())
try:
print(command.strip())
process = subprocess.Popen(
command,
stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL
)
if process.pid:
t_d = {
"pid": process.pid,
"v_url": f'http://{locad_id}:{locad_port}{locad_fix}{ip}-{uuid_v}.m3u8',
"ip": ip
}
print(t_d)
print("==============================摄像头数据更新完成...,重新确认子进程是否运行")
pss = get_process_by_name("ffmpeg.exe", process.pid)
print("创建的进程为:", pss)
if len(pss) > 0:
chanle[ip] = t_d
print(f"返回取流路径为:{t_d}")
return t_d
else:
return {"status": 400, "message": "IP 取流失败!,请重新尝试"}
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
return {"error": f"Error running ffmpeg: {e}"}


@app.get("/sc_view/stop_video_stream")
async def stop_video_stream(pid: int = Query(2000, description="进程ID")):
"""
@Time : 2024/07/24 14:10:43
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.0
@Desc : 结束推流
"""

if pid is None:
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="参数不能为空")

pss = get_process_by_name("ffmpeg.exe", pid)
print(pss)
if len(pss) == 0:
print("未获取到进程信息", pid)
return {
"status": 200,
"message": "未获取到进程信息"
}
print("获取到进程信息:", pss)
try:
# 发送 SIGTERM 信号以关闭进程
os.kill(int(pid), signal.SIGTERM)
chanle.pop(pid)
print(f"Process {pid} has been terminated.{str(pss)}")
return {"status": 200, "message": "关闭成功!"}
except OSError as e:
# 调用 kill 命令杀掉
pss[0].kill()
print(f"Error terminating process {pid}: {e}")
return {"status": 200, "message": "关闭成功!"}


@app.get("/sc_view/all_stop_video_stream")
async def all_stop_video_stream():
"""
@Time : 2024/07/24 14:10:43
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.0
@Desc : 批量结束推流
"""
pss = get_process_by_name("ffmpeg.exe")
print(pss)
if len(pss) == 0:
return {
"status": 200,
"message": "转码全部结束"
}
print("获取到进程信息:", pss)
process_list = []
for p in pss:
process_list.append({
"pid": p.info['pid'],
"name": p.info['name'],
"status": p.status(),
"started": datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(p.info['create_time']),
"memory_info": str(p.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB",
"cpu_percent": str(p.cpu_percent()) + " %",
"cmdline": p.cmdline()
})
try:
# 发送 SIGTERM 信号以关闭进程
os.kill(int(p.info['pid']), signal.SIGTERM)
#chanle.pop(p.info['pid'])
ips = [ k for k,v in chanle.items() if v.pid == p.info['pid'] ]
if len(ips) >0:
chanle.pop(ips[0])
print(f"Process {p.info['pid']} has been terminated.{str(pss)}")
except OSError as e:
# 调用 kill 命令杀掉
pss[0].kill()
print(f"Error terminating process {p.info['pid']}: {e}")
return {"status": 200, "message": "关闭成功!", "close_list": process_list}


@app.get("/sc_view/get_video_stream_process_list")
async def get_video_stream_process_list():
"""
@Time : 2024/07/24 15:46:38
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.0
@Desc : 返回当前在采集的流处理进程信息
"""

pss = get_process_by_name("ffmpeg.exe")
process_list = []
for p in pss:
ip_file = str(p.info['cmdline'][-1]).split("/")[-1]
process_list.append({
"pid": p.info['pid'],
"name": p.info['name'],
"status": p.status(),
"started": datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(p.info['create_time']),
"memory_info": str(p.memory_info().rss / (1024 * 1024)) + " MB",
"cpu_percent": str(p.cpu_percent()) + " %",
"cmdline": p.cmdline(),
"v_url": f'http://{locad_id}:{locad_port}{locad_fix}{ip_file}',
})
return {"message": "当前在采集的流信息", "process_list": process_list}

nginx 启动相关

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
# 启动 Nginx
def start_nginx():
"""
@Time : 2024/07/24 21:13:25
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.0
@Desc : 启动 nginx
"""
try:
os.chdir(nginx_path)
print("当前执行路径:" + str(nginx_path + "nginx.exe" + " -c " + nginx_config_path))
subprocess.Popen([nginx_path + "nginx.exe", "-c", nginx_config_path], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
print("\n=================== Nginx has been started successfully.\n")
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
print(f"Failed to start Nginx: {e}")
finally:
os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__)) # 切换回用户主目录

# 停止 Nginx


def stop_nginx():
"""
@Time : 2024/07/24 21:13:41
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.0
@Desc : 关闭 nginx
"""
try:
os.chdir(nginx_path)
print("当前执行路径:" + str(nginx_path + "nginx.exe" + " -s " + "stop"))
subprocess.Popen([nginx_path + "nginx.exe", "-s", "stop"], stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
print("\n============ Nginx has been stopped successfully.\n")
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
print(f"Failed to stop Nginx: {e}")
finally:
os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__)) # 切换回用户主目录

进程相关方法

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
def get_process_by_name(process_name, pid=None):
"""
@Time : 2024/07/24 14:21:31
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.1
@Desc : 获取指定进程名和进程 ID 的进程列表

Args:
process_name (str): 进程名称
pid (int, optional): 进程 ID,默认为 None 表示不筛选 ID

Returns:
list: 包含指定进程名和进程 ID 的进程对象的列表
"""

processes = []
attrs = ['pid', 'memory_percent', 'name', 'cmdline', 'cpu_times',
'create_time', 'memory_info', 'status', 'nice', 'username']
for proc in psutil.process_iter(attrs):
# print(proc.info['name'])
try:
if proc.info['name'] == process_name:
if pid is None or proc.info['pid'] == pid:
processes.append(proc)
except (psutil.NoSuchProcess, psutil.AccessDenied, psutil.ZombieProcess):
pass
print("Process==================end")
return processes


def get_process_by_IP(process_name, ip=None):
"""
@Time : 2024/07/24 14:21:31
@Author : liruilonger@gmail.com
@Version : 1.1
@Desc : 获取指定进程名和 IP 的进程列表

Args:
process_name (str): 进程名称
pid (int, optional): IP,默认为 None 表示不筛选 IP

Returns:
list: 包含指定进程名和进程 IP 的进程对象的列表
"""
attrs = ['pid', 'memory_percent', 'name', 'cmdline', 'cpu_times',
'create_time', 'memory_info', 'status', 'nice', 'username']
press = []
for proc in psutil.process_iter(attrs):
try:
if proc.info['name'] == process_name:

if ip is None or any(ip in s for s in proc.info['cmdline']):
ip_file = str(proc.info['cmdline'][-1]).split("/")[-1]
press.append({
"pid": proc.info['pid'],
"v_url": f'http://{locad_id}:{locad_port}{locad_fix}{ip_file}',
"ip": ip
})
except (psutil.NoSuchProcess, psutil.AccessDenied, psutil.ZombieProcess):
pass
return press


打包

1
pyinstaller --add-data "config.yaml;."  --add-data "templates/*;templates"   main.py   

exe 路径

1
rtsp2hls2M3U8\dist\main

配置文件路径

1
rtsp2hls2M3U8\dist\main\_internal

部署测试

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
2024-08-13 15:57:03,404 - win32.py[line:58] - DEBUG: Looking up time zone info from registry
2024-08-13 15:57:03,410 - yaml_util.py[line:62] - INFO: 加载配置数据:{'ngxin': {'nginx_ip': '127.0.0.1', 'nginx_port': 8080, 'nginx_fix': '/hls/', 'nginx_path': 'X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/', 'nginx_config_path': 'X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/conf/nginx.conf'}, 'fastapi': {'port': 8991, 'hls_dir': 'X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/html/hls/', 'ffmpeg_dir': 'W:/ffmpeg-20200831-4a11a6f-win64-static//bin/ffmpeg.exe', 'max_stream_threads': 60, 'max_scan_time': '3*60', 'max_code_ff_size': 6, 'comm': '{ffmpeg_dir} -f rtsp -rtsp_transport tcp -i rtsp://admin:hik12345@{ip}:554/Streaming/Channels/101?transportmode=multicast -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 300k -s {width}*{height} -live 1 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy -cpu-used 0 -threads 1 -f hls -hls_time 0.5 -hls_list_size 1 -hls_wrap 100 {hls_dir}{ip}-{uuid_v}.m3u8'}}
2024-08-13 15:57:03,413 - base.py[line:454] - INFO: Adding job tentatively -- it will be properly scheduled when the scheduler starts
2024-08-13 15:57:03,414 - proactor_events.py[line:630] - DEBUG: Using proactor: IocpProactor
INFO: Started server process [30404]
INFO: Waiting for application startup.
2024-08-13 15:57:03,441 - base.py[line:895] - INFO: Added job "scan_video_stream_list" to job store "default"
2024-08-13 15:57:03,441 - base.py[line:181] - INFO: Scheduler started
Process==================end
当前执行路径:X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx.exe -c X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/conf/nginx.conf

=================== Nginx has been started successfully.

2024-08-13 15:57:09,256 - base.py[line:954] - DEBUG: Looking for jobs to run
2024-08-13 15:57:09,256 - base.py[line:1034] - DEBUG: Next wakeup is due at 2024-08-13 16:57:03.413311+08:00 (in 3594.156780 seconds)
INFO: Application startup complete.
INFO: Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)

API 文档:http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs#

测试页面

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
{'ip': '192.168.2.25', 'width': 320, 'height': 170, 'time': <module 'time' (built-in)>, 'uuid_v': 'dbeda9ce-01ec-41cd-8315-8145954d1ea0', 'hls_dir': 'X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/html/hls/', 'ffmpeg_dir': 'W:/ffmpeg-20200831-4a11a6f-win64-static//bin/ffmpeg.exe'}
W:/ffmpeg-20200831-4a11a6f-win64-static//bin/ffmpeg.exe -f rtsp -rtsp_transport tcp -i rtsp://admin:hik12345@192.168.2.25:554/Streaming/Channels/101?transportmode=multicast -acodec aac -strict experimental -ar 44100 -ac 2 -b:a 96k -r 25 -b:v 300k -s 320*170 -live 1 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy -cpu-used 0 -threads 1 -f hls -hls_time 0.5 -hls_list_size 1 -hls_wrap 100 X:/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/nginx-rtmp-win32-dev/html/hls/192.168.2.25-dbeda9ce-01ec-41cd-8315-8145954d1ea0.m3u8
{'pid': 32416, 'v_url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/hls/192.168.2.25-dbeda9ce-01ec-41cd-8315-8145954d1ea0.m3u8', 'ip': '192.168.2.25'}
==============================摄像头数据更新完成...,重新确认子进程是否运行
Process==================end
创建的进程为: [psutil.Process(pid=32416, name='ffmpeg.exe', status='running', started='15:59:38')]
返回取流路径为:{'pid': 32416, 'v_url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/hls/192.168.2.25-dbeda9ce-01ec-41cd-8315-8145954d1ea0.m3u8', 'ip': '192.168.2.25'}
INFO: 127.0.0.1:64650 - "GET /sc_view/get_video_stream?ip=192.168.2.25&width=320&height=170 HTTP/1.1" 200 OK

博文部分内容参考

© 文中涉及参考链接内容版权归原作者所有,如有侵权请告知 :)



© 2018-2024 liruilonger@gmail.com, 保持署名-非商用-相同方式共享(CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

发布于

2024-08-13

更新于

2024-08-16

许可协议

评论
Your browser is out-of-date!

Update your browser to view this website correctly.&npsb;Update my browser now

×